The origins of the black movement in Portugal (1911-1933): A pan-africanist and anti-racist generation

Abstract

Between 1911 and 1933 a black movement emerged in Portugal, it was part of the international pan-Africanist movement from its time, struggled against racism and also started an early and ambivalent process of questioning colonialism. During the First Portuguese Republic (1910) and the dictatorship of Estado Novo (1933), this generation established several newspapers and many organizations in Lisbon. However, to this day, there is an enormous historiographical silence about this movement. In this article, we seek in an unprecedented way to demonstrate the emergence of a politically organized black movement in Portugal at the beginning of the 20th century, fundamentally through the analysis of its press.