Lemon Pepper's Kidney Protection Effect against Kidney Injury Induced by Cadmium in Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Cadmium can accumulate in the renal cortex and lead to renal failure. Hence, this study was designed to investigate lemon pepper's kidney protection effect against cadmium toxicity. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were grouped into five groups viz. Control (0.5% Na-CMC), standard (25 mg/kg BW quercetin), Lemon Pepper methanol extract (LPME)-1 (300 mg/kg BW), 2 (600 mg/kg BW), and 3 (1,200 mg/kg BW). These interventions were performed for 14 days; at the first seven days, all rats received some interventions based on intervention group without cadmium administration followed by cadmium administration for the next seven days. After that, all rats were sacrificed for kidney function tests and histology studies. The highest BUN level was found in the control group (103.20 ± 3.11 mg/dL) and the lowest was the standard group (57.60 ± 2.41 mg/dL). Meanwhile, the highest creatinine levels were found in the control group (1.06 ± 0.02 mg/dL), and the lowest was found in the standard group (0.83 ± 0.07 mg/dL). Moreover, the LPME-3 group also rescued some glomerular structures and reduced cyst formation due to severe kidney damage. Therefore, it can be concluded that the lemon pepper had a kidney protection effect against cadmium toxicity.