Molluscicidal activity of Tinospora crispa Stem extracts against Pomacea canaliculata

Abstract

The Pomacea canaliculata is an invasive gastropod species and a dominant rice pest in many countries, particularly Southeast Asia. A number of effort has been directed towards the development of environmental friendly biopesticide for golden apple snail. The main objectives of this study were to screen the phytochemical compounds of Tinospora crispa (patawali) methanol stem extracts and to assess the molluscicidal activity of T. crispa methanol stem extracts against golden apple snail. The snails were exposed to five different concentrations of T. crispa, namely 500, 1000, 5000, 10000 and 20000 ppm. Following exposure to T. crispa extract, the effects of molluscicidal activity on the snails at 24, 48 and 72 hours were monitored and recorded. The T. crispa extract at 20000 ppm exhibited the best treatment which gave mortality rate of 100% within 48 hours, while the least molluscicidal effect was recorded for 500 ppm extract with mortality rate of 19% at 72 hours of contact. The LC50 and LC90 values of molluscicidal activity were determined as 1825 and 4873 ppm, respectively. The presence of triterpenoid saponin in T. crispa extract had a major effect of molluscicical activity on golden apple snail. Overall, results from this study highlight the efficacy and potential application of T. crispa methanol stem extracts to control golden apple snail in paddy field.