The functional configuration of epistemic argumentation: Reframing toulmin's layout of arguments in a multidisciplinary perspective

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss a reframing of Toulmin's layout of arguments, originally proposed in The Uses of Argument (TOULMIN, 2003 [1958]) and further developed in An Introduction to Reasoning (TOULMIN, RIEKE; JANIK, 1984 [1978]). In this approach, we conceive of the layout as: (i) a useful instrument for analyzing the functional configuration of epistemic argumentation and, thus, for evaluating consistency, a dimension of analysis pertaining to the justificatory facet of argumentation; (ii) a valid instrument for analyzing dissension and dialogism, fundamental elements of the communicative facet of argumentation, in terms of the functioning of logos, one of the rhetorical proofs involved in the process of achieving adherence. Hence, we reconceptualize the components of the layout-Claim, Data, Warrant, Backing, Qualifier and Rebuttal-and propose a notion of argumentative move compatible with our approach, which aims at achieving linguistic, discursive and cognitive coherence and at responding to the theoretical and analytical requirements involved in the consideration of the justificatory and communicative facets of argumentation.