Association of endometrial cancer risk with hypertension- an updated meta-analysis of observational studies

Abstract

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological cancers in the developed countries. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of hypertension on endometrial cancer risk. Databases: PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched from January 2000 to June 2024. We used DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model for analysis. Risk estimates were extracted by two authors and summarized using meta-analytic methods. A total of 26 observational studies with 207,502 endometrial cancer cases were included in the study. Overall meta-analysis demonstrates significant association between hypertension and endometrial cancer risk (RR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.27–1.47, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of the risk of endometrial cancer shows statistically significant higher risk in patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, diabetics, women who had their first menstrual period at the age of 11 years or earlier, and who had never given birth. Findings of this comprehensive review and meta-analysis indicate that hypertension is associated with higher overall risk of endometrial cancer.