Medial augmentation plating of aseptic distal femoral nonunions

Abstract

Background: Distal femur nonunions are well-recognized contributors to persistent functional disability, with limited data regarding their treatment options. In the current study, we asked whether additional medial augmentation plating is a feasible treatment option for patients with aseptic distal femoral nonunion and intact lateral implants. Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective study including 20 patients treated for aseptic distal femoral nonunion between 2002 and 2017. The treatment procedure included a medial approach to the distal femur, debridement of the nonunion site, bone grafting and medial augmentation plating utilizing a large-fragment titanium plate. Outcome measures were bone-related and functional results, measured by the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Rating Scale (HSS) and the German Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire (SMFA-D). Results: Eighteen of 20 nonunions showed osseous healing at 8.16 ± 5.23 (range: 3–21) months after augmentation plating. Regarding functional results, the mean HSS score was 74.17 ± 11.12 (range: 57–87). The mean SMFA-D functional index was 47.38 ± 16.78 (range 25.74–71.32) at the last follow-up. Index procedure-associated complications included two cases of persistent nonunion and one case of infection. Conclusions: According to the assessed outcome measures, augmentation plating is a feasible treatment option, with a high proportion of patients achieving bony union and good functional outcomes and a few patients experiencing complications.