CHITOSAN SOURCES AND EXTRACTION: A REVIEW

Abstract

Chitosan is a biopolymer that is obtained by deacetylating the chitin that is recovered from different sources, such as marine and animal. Also, the waste of agriculture and the seawater industry are considered good sources for extraction. This waste may be an environmental pollution source as a result of burning and dumping or a good source for producing important materials such as chitosan which is considered a biocompatible, biodegradable, biopolymer that has many industrial, biomedical, and agricultural applications. Chitosan material, extracted from chitin, has many attractive biomedical properties. This review focuses on the extraction methods of chitosan from different production sources, taking into account industrial considerations, and summarizes them, taking into account their environmental impacts and marketing potential. Also, this article reviews—based on existing publications—the classes of chemical methods and reaction parameters used in chitosan preparation and biological methods.