Effect of different irradiated explants in the in vitro regeneration of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar “ICA Pijao”

Abstract

Conventional breeding in common bean is difficult because they have a close and very stable genetic base. In this connection the combination of mutagenesis and tissue culture is an alternative to induce genetic variability in the search for tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors. For this reason, the present study aimed to determine the effect of different irradiated explants in the in vitro regeneration of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar “ICA Pijao”. To do this, were applied doses gamma radiation in callus, cotiledonary node with one cotyledon (NC-1) with doses of radiation 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 Gy and seeds with 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy. The length of roots in the germinated seeds, fresh mass (g) of the callus and the number of shoots per callus were determined. The gamma radiation caused a decrease in the fresh weight of callus and NC-1. The callus and NC-1, irradiated with doses of 10 and 20 Gy they formed buds but these were hyperhydric. Results demonstrated that the irradiated seed was the explant with which it was achieved regeneration of shoots with leaves defined, so it is recommended as initial explant for combined use of mutagenesis and in vitro regeneration of plants for P. vulgaris cultivar “ICA Pijao” via organogenesis indirect.