Conceptual framework of Toxic leadership

Abstract

Leadership is considered a vital managerial function that helps to direct the organization's resources for improved efficiency and the achievement of goals. An Effective leader provides clarity of purpose, motivates, and guides the organization to realize its mission. On the other hand, toxic leader lacks self of control, ignores the right of employees and harms the whole organization. This paper provides a useful typology for a better understanding of toxic leadership. We explore the definitions, history, evolution, characteristics, dimensions, signs, symptoms, and the negative impacts of toxic leadership to identify its destructive behaviors and the tools that increase toxicity in the organization. We surveyed the practices of toxic leaders since 1995 and found that toxic leadership is a controversial topic. However, toxic leadership affects individuals and organizations negatively as it increases workplace deviance, the employee's intention to leave, and the turnover rates, and it reduces the level of job satisfaction and organizational commitment.