Étude des effets pharmacologiques d’un extrait aqueux de zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes (Lam.) waterman, 1981 (Rutaceae) sur le coeur isole de rat et l’aorte isolée de cobaye

Abstract

Objective : The objective of this study was to provide a scientific basis for the traditional use of Zanthoxylumzanthoxyloïdes, commonly used plant in the African pharmacopoeia. It is to examine the mechanisms ofaction of the active components of this plant on the isolated rat heart and to the isolated aorta of guinea pig.Methodology and Results The recording devices for the mechanical activity of isolated heart of rat andcontractile activity of isolated guinea pig aorta enabled us to carry out our experiments. It has been observed that on the isolated heart aqueous extract of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes of 10-8 to 10-5 mg / ml,induced chronotropic and inotropic of positive effects, and the concentrations between 10-4 to 10-2 mg / mlcauses chronotropic and inotropic negative effects. On the isolated aorta, the extract causes endothelium dependent vasorelaxation between 10-8 and 10-2 mg / ml. These effects on the isolated heart are inhibitedby propranolol and atropine.Conclusion and Application: Pharmacological characterization of active components contained in theaqueous extract of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes, using atropine and propranolol, revealed the concomitantpresence in this extract from cholinomimetic substances that are responsible for the negative inotropic andchronotropic effects and adrenomimetics substances responsible for their inotropic and chronotropicpositive effects on isolated rat heart. After the study of the crude extract, it is necessary to realize thefractionation of this extract to characterize more precisely the most active fractions. The study of thesefractions will better characterize the active ingredients of this plant.