A Strategy for Optimal Microgrid Operation Considering Vehicle-to-Grid Service

Abstract

This paper aims to develop a centralized optimization framework-based energy management system (EMS), which is used to optimize the day-ahead scheduling of a microgrid (MG) considering vehicle-to-grid service (V2G). Through V2G service, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are considered as mobile energy storage systems. The charging/discharging amount of each PHEV during parking time is determined to minimize the operation cost as well as improving the system reliability. Moreover, a mixed integer linear program-based mathematical model is developed for MG operation in both grid-connected and islanded mode considering high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and PHEVs. A test case study considering 10 PHEVs is used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed operation strategy. The numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of V2G service on operation of MG in terms of reducing peak load and cost savings in electricity bills.