Measles Hospitalisations, United States, 1985-2002

Abstract

Cases of measles that require hospitalization are a good marker of the burden of clinically severe measles in the United States. Measles hospitalizations routinely are monitored by the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS). Our objectives were to describe measles hospitalizations reported to the NNDSS in 1985-2002, to use hospital discharge data from independent data sets (the National Hospital Discharge Survey [NHDS] [data available for 1985-1999] and the Health Care Investment Analysts [HCIA] hospital discharge database [data available for 1985-1996]) to provide additional estimates of total measles hospitalizations, and to compare trends in measles-associated hospitalizations. In 1985-2002, a total of 13,621 patients with measles reported to the NNDSS were hospitalized (annual average, 757; range, 19-5856 patients). In 1985-1996, a total of 13,472 measles hospitalizations were reported from NNDSS, compared with 28,047 estimated from the NHDS and 19,352 extrapolated from HCIA data. In the NNDSS, the annual total number declined after 1992 to ≤45 measles hospitalizations per year; this trend was closely paralleled by both the NHDS and the HCIA data. We demonstrate a decline in reported measles hospitalizations since the 1989-1991 measles resurgence, with the lowest numbers ever reported in the NNDSS. These numbers are corroborated by the very low numbers of measles hospitalizations in the NHDS and HCIA data.