Impact of reaction temperature on the structural, surface morphology and antibacterial activity of hydrothermally synthesized CdS nanoparticles

Abstract

Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles were synthesized hydrothermally at various reaction temperatures (140, 160, 180,200)°C. Crystal structure and surface morphology were studied corresponding to the reaction temperature. The X,-ray diffraction results, reveals that CdS nanoparticles were prepared have high crystallinity with polycrystalline nature and hexagonal wurtzite phase. The preferential orientation was along (002) and (110) planes. The average crystallite size was tended to increase with the increase of reaction temperature which about (21-24) nm. The structure parameters such as dislocation density and microstrain was examined. CdS nanoparticle images in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) indicates rounded ball (cauliflower), the particle size was in the range of (23-245) nm and the smallest size was obtained for the nanoparticles at reaction temperature 200°C. The antibacterial activity of cadmium sulfide CdS nanoparticles was estimated against two types of common bacteria (Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus). It was found that there is a strong antibacterial activity and the greatest effect was for the prepared nanoparticles at reaction temperatures 160 and 180 oC, and the highest activity was found against (E. coli) bacteria as well as with the increase of nanoparticles concentration. This work combines microbiology and nanotechnology, perform probable advances in the formulation of a new kind of antibacterial.