Industry 4.0-based manufacturing systems: Smart production, sustainable supply chain networks, and real-time process monitoring

Abstract

This article reviews recent literature concerning Industry 4.0-based manufacturing systems. Building our argument by drawing on data collected from BCG, Deloitte, PwC, and Statista, we performed analyses and made estimates regarding Industry 4.0 across the value chain (%), revenues from artificial intelligence for enterprise applications market worldwide (from 2018 to 2025, in million U.S. dollars), and Industry 4.0 framework and contributing digital technologies (%). Multivariate statistics techniques have been applied for data analyses (e.g. structural equation modeling).