Reproductive health needs of incarcerated women in developed countries: a mixed-method systematic review

Abstract

With the increasing number of women prisoners under 45 years of age, identifying the reproductive health needs of these marginalized women has become crucial for providing healthcare and improving their well-being. This systematic review aims to determine the reproductive health needs of incarcerated women in developed countries. In this systematic review, four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were searched until January 2023. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Qualitative studies were analyzed using thematic synthesis. Seventeen studies were selected and analyzed narratively. The reproductive health needs of incarcerated women were classified into four main categories: preventive care, medical care, childbearing care, and health-promoting services. Key needs included appropriate screening tests, infection control practices, medical and psychological services, pregnancy-related care, parenting services, family planning, hygiene, nutrition, and health education. This study highlights the need for tailored reproductive healthcare for incarcerated women. An all-inclusive strategy involving various stakeholders is required to improve the health status of these vulnerable women.