Analisis Kemampuan Regulasi Kognisi Peserta Didik dalam Pembelajaran

Abstract

Proses pembelajaran pada peserta didik perlu dilatihkan serangkaian kegiatan yang sangat penting agar pembelajaran dapat berhasil dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang kemampuan regulasi kognisi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran dengan model RML (reflective metacognitive learning) dengan fase: (1) refleksi orientasi, (2) refleksi organisasi, (3) refleksi eksekusi, dan (4) refleksi verifikasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 75 orang peserta didik di tingkat SMA/MA di Lombok Tengah, yang dipilih secara cluster random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket kemampuan regulasi kognisi sebanyak 34 butir pertanyaan/pernyataan yang telah dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Data berupa kemampuan regulasi kognisi peserta didik dianalisis dengan menentukan rata-rata pencapaian setiap peserta didik pada masing-masing sekolah, dan penentuan rata-rata skor pada setiap indikator kemampuan regulasi kognisi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah kemampuan regulasi kognisi peserta didik yang dibelajarkan dengan model RML mencapai kategori baik. Hal ini dilihat dari perolehan rata-rata pada ketiga sekolah sebesar 3,20; 3,18; dan 3,08, perolehan rata-rata setiap indikator pada ketiga sekolah juga berkategori baik dengan skor 3,18 untuk indikator planning; 3,15 untuk idikator information management strategy; 3,16 untuk indikator monitoring ; 3,17 untuk indikator debugging; dan 3,12 untuk indikator evaluation. Dengan demikian, kemampuan regulasi kognisi peserta didik dapat dilatihkan dalam pembelajaran dengan model RML yang menekankan proses refleksi secara sadar melalui: (1) penyajian fenomena kkonflik kognitif, (2) penyajian fenomena anomali, (3) proses internalisasi, (4) penyajian fenomena baru yang terkait dengan konsep yang dibelajarkan.Analysis of Students' Cognition Regulation Ability in LearningAbstractThe learning process in students needs to be trained in a series of activities that are very important so that learning can be successful. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the ability of students to regulate cognition in learning with the RML (reflective metacognitive learning) model with the following phases: (1) orientation reflection, (2) organizational reflection, (3) reflection on execution, and (4) reflection on verification. This research is descriptive research. The sample used was 75 students at the SMA / MA level in Central Lombok, who were selected by cluster random sampling. The instrument used was a questionnaire on the ability to regulate cognition as many as 34 questions / statements that were declared valid and reliable. Data in the form of students' cognitive regulatory abilities were analyzed by determining the average achievement of each student in each school, and determining the average score on each indicator of the cognitive regulatory ability. The results of this study were the ability of students to regulate cognition who learned the RML model reached a good category. This can be seen from the average acquisition of the three schools of 3.20; 3.18; and 3.08, the average acquisition of each indicator in the three schools was also in the good category with a score of 3.18 for the planning indicator; 3.15 for the information management strategy indicator; 3.16 for monitoring indicators; 3.17 for debugging indicators; and 3.12 for indicator evaluation. Thus, the ability of students to regulate cognition can be trained in learning with the RML model which emphasizes the process of conscious reflection through: (1) presenting cognitive conflict phenomena, (2) presenting anomalous phenomena, (3) internalizing processes, (4) presenting new phenomena which is related to the concept being learned.