Digital Zakat Management in Muslim Countries: A Comparative Analysis Through a Literature-Based Lens

Abstract

Digitalization of Zakat management has become a landmark change in most Muslim-majority nations, facilitating efficiency, transparency, and financial inclusion. A qualitative, literature-based research design was used in this study, with secondary data obtained from academic journals, institutional reports, and online platforms. The data gathered were subjected to thematic content analysis to determine the emerging trends, strategies, and issues in digital Zakat implementation. Four major themes were identified: technological platforms, regulatory frameworks, digital literacy, and emerging tools like blockchain. Comparative results show that nations such as Malaysia and Saudi Arabia have made significant advancements through state-driven programs and fintech collaborations, while countries such as Bangladesh and Indonesia need to address issues of infrastructure, awareness, and regulatory support. The research adds to knowledge on the changing face of digital Zakat and provides practical lessons for policymakers, institutions, and researchers.