Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality Based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among Medical Students in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Purpose of review: Several studies have reported prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students, which may impact their academic performance and mental health. The primary objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students in Southeast Asia utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Databases including PubMed/ MEDLINE, Google Scholar and relevant studies were assessed for quality Studies. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality in this group. Recent findings: The meta-analysis, which included 10 studies and 2084 participants, showed a pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality of 64% (95% CI: 53-75%) among medical students in Southeast Asia. Factors leading to poor sleep included anxiety, depression and stress level and academic demands. Despite the recognized advantages of sufficient sleep, many students consistently scored above the PSQI threshold, reflecting ongoing sleep issues. Summary: The results of this review emphasize the widespread problem of poor sleep quality among medical students in Southeast Asia region, highlighting the necessity for targeted strategies to tackle sleep disturbances in this demographic. Introducing sleep hygiene programs and stress management techniques might alleviate these challenges. More research is required to identify effective methods for enhancing sleep quality and overall health in medical students.