Review on Genomics, Production Potential and Usefulness of Camel as the Animal of Future

Abstract

Food security issues are persistently emerging in proportionate to the growth of human population. This scenario demands a search for alternate and development of new food sources. Camel can therefore be the best alternative and beneficial addition to food supply chain providing milk and meat for humans. It is an imperative component of desert ecosystem with much better feed conversion ratio. Hence in arid zones, it provides more milk and meat with less consumption of feed and fodder. Moreover, Heat Shock proteins present in camel serve as molecular chaperones and strengthen its resistance capability against hostile desert environment ultimately facilitating its survival. Distinctive nutritional value of its milk is thought to have therapeutic attributes. Furthermore, camel milk inherently possesses antimicrobial agents which promote its antiviral and antibacterial capacity. Its unique adaptability and superiority over other livestock has compelled scientists for the last few decades to explore its hidden potential. Its proper breeding and farming infrastructure, well backed by scientific advancements, does not exist which need to be essentially developed and established, the initiative not possible without collaborative research efforts. Under present conditions and keeping in view the requirements of the masses, the investigative work should focus on its therapeutic, biological, and functional properties instead of pursuing trivial aspects. Successful management and efficient handling of these researchable avenues can facility efficient utilization of this animal to meet the ever-increasing food demands of the masses. This review article will highlight its wonderful adaptive features, genetic make-up, usefulness at present, and its potential for future food security