Medication use and the 5-year incidence of early age-related maculopathy: The Beaver Dam eye study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate incident early age-related maculopathy (ARM) after a 5-year interval with respect to medication use. Design: Population-based incidence study. Setting: Participants were adults aged 43 to 86 years living in Beaver Dam, Wis, when first examined in 1988-1990 (n=4926); they were reexamined in 1993-1995 (n=3684). Methods: All participants were examined and interviewed and stereoscopic color fundus photographs were taken. All procedures were done by standard protocol at both examinations. Incidence of ARM was based on grading using the Wisconsin ARM Grading System. All prescribed and over-the-counter medications in current use were brought to the examination site and the names were recorded at that time. Results: There were 678 drug preparations (active ingredients) being used at the baseline examination. No relations were found between most antihypertensive drugs, most central nervous system medications, aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, estrogens, lipid-lowering agents, and incident early ARM over the 5-year period. Age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analyses suggested possible associations (P