Optimasi Sintesis Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) Melalui Reaksi Transesterifikasi Menggunakan Katalis TiO2

Abstract

Dependence on solar power needs can be overcome by switching to renewable energy, namely biodiesel. Biodiesel can be synthesized from non-food vegetable oil, namely nyamplung seed oil, with the help of a catalyst. The aim of this research is to optimize the synthesis of biodiesel from nyamplung seed oil through a transesterification reaction using a TiO2 catalyst. Variations in reaction conditions include the mole ratio of oil: methanol, catalyst mass, reaction time and reaction temperature. The optimum conditions for biodiesel synthesis were obtained at mole ratio of oil: methanol  1:8; catalyst 0.15 g; reaction time 150 minutes and reaction temperature 60℃ with an average yield of 76.54%. The characteristics of the biodiesel obtained include  0.877 g/mL of density, 3.65 cSt of viscosity,   234.217 mg KOH/g of saponification value, and 2.1 mg NaOH/g of acid value. The chemical composition of biodiesel resulting from GC-MS is methyl palmitate, methyl oleate and methyl stearate.