MEMS deformable mirrors in astronomical adaptive optics

Abstract

We report on the development of microelectromechanical (MEMS) deformable mirrors designed for ground and space-based astronomical instruments using adaptive optics. These light-weight, low power deformable mirrors will have an active aperture of up to 25.2mm consisting of thin silicon membrane mirror supported by an array of up to 4096 electrostatic actuators exhibiting no hysteresis and sub-nanometer repeatability. The continuous membrane deformable mirrors, coated with a highly reflective metal film, are capable of up to 4µm of stroke, have a surface finish of <10nm RMS with a fill factor of 99.8%. The segmented device has a range of motion of 1um of piston and 600 arc-seconds of tip/tilt simultaneously and a surface finish of 5nm RMS. Presented in this paper are device characteristics and performance results for these devices.