The MRI self-efficacy scale for children: Development and preliminary psychometrics

Abstract

Objective Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common procedure that can be distressing for children. Although not yet studied in the context of pediatric medical procedures, self-efficacy may be a good predictor of procedural stress and a clinically feasible target for behavioral intervention. The objectives of this study were to develop the MRI Self-Efficacy Scale for Children (MRISEC) and assess the preliminary psychometric properties. Methods Development of the MRISEC was informed by literature searches and feedback from healthcare providers. Twenty child- parent dyads naïve to MRI and 10 child-parent dyads with MRI experience completed the MRI-SEC to assess the comprehensibility and ease of use, and to inform item and scale refinement. The final version includes four practice items and 12 items directly assessing MRI self-efficacy. To evaluate the psychometric properties, 127 children (ages 6-12) and parents naïve to MRI completed the MRI-SEC, and a series of measures to assess construct validity. To evaluate test-retest reliability 27 children completed the MRI-SEC a second time. Results The MRI-SEC demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity. Conclusion Development of the MRI-SEC provides an opportunity to better understand the role of self-efficacy as a predictor of procedural stress and cooperation with MRI, informing reliable prediction of children who may benefit from additional support for MRI and the development of tailored behavioral interventions.