Understanding Irregularity

Abstract

This chapter conceptualises irregular migration status as a continuum of grey areas or of degrees and types of irregularity rather than as a clear black and white distinction. It thus sets the framework for understanding terms such as ‘befallen regularity’ and ‘semi-legality’. We consider irregular migration and irregular stay or work as inter-related phenomena embedded in the labour market dynamics of European countries. We seek to highlight the administrative rules and labour market conditions that can foster irregularity and create these in-between spaces where irregular migrants are positioned, and also seek to provide an estimate of the irregular migrant population in Europe. Last but not least, we discuss why people strive to remain in Europe despite irregular migration status and the challenges of (sustainable) return. The chapter concludes with some critical remarks on the links between irregular migration and employment.