Preliminary assessment of the numerical competencies of children from a public preschool and kindergarten in Cuenca

  • Bojorque G
  • Torbeyns J
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Abstract

ABSTRACT There is abundant evidence that young children are capable of developing mathematical knowledge and that the arithmetic skills of young children are a predictor of their future academic achievement. There is also a common agreement that the quality of early mathematical instruction has an important influence on children´s subsequent learning. In Ecuador studies on young children´s early mathematical competencies and instruction are scare. Therefore a study was initiated to (1) assess the numerical competencies of preschoolers and kindergartners (first year of elementary education) attending a public school in Cuenca, with the objective to critically analyze their numerical thinking and reasoning, and (2) examine teachers’ practices and believes regarding early mathematical instruction and children´s mathematical competencies. An application of the Number Knowledge Test (Griffin, 2005) demonstrated that most of the participating children had not developed basic numerical competencies. In addition, teachers strongly believe that young children are incapable of carrying out mathematical thoughts. As a consequence, mathematical activities in which children and teachers are engaged are insufficiently developed. The scientific and practical implications of these results are discussed. Keywords: Early numeracy, preschoolers, kindergartners, mathematical competencies. RESUMEN Existe abundante evidencia de que los ninos pequenos son capaces de desarrollar un conocimiento matematico y que las destrezas aritmeticas de estos ninos son predictores de su desempeno academico futuro. Tambien existe un acuerdo comun de que la calidad de la educacion matematica inicial tiene una importante influencia en el aprendizaje posterior de los ninos. En Ecuador hay escasos estudios sobre las competencias matematicas tempranas de los ninos y sobre su ensenanza. Por ello, se inicio un estudio para (1) evaluar las competencias numericas de los ninos de pre-escolar y kindergarten (primero de basica) que asisten a una escuela publica de Cuenca, con el objetivo de analizar criticamente su pensamiento y razonamiento numerico; y (2) examinar las practicas y creencias de los profesores con relacion a la ensenanza de la matematica y a las competencias matematicas de los ninos. La aplicacion del Test de Conocimiento Numerico (Griffin, 2005) demostro que la mayoria de los ninos participantes no habian desarrollado habilidades numericas basicas. Adicionalmente, los profesores expresaron una fuerte creencia de que los ninos pequenos no son capaces de tener un pensamiento matematico. Como consecuencia, las actividades matematicas que realizan los ninos y profesores son desarrolladas de manera insuficiente. Las implicaciones cientificas y practicas de estos resultados son discutidas. Palabras clave: Matematica inicial, pre-escolar, jardin de infantes, competencias matematicas.

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APA

Bojorque, G., & Torbeyns, J. (2015). Preliminary assessment of the numerical competencies of children from a public preschool and kindergarten in Cuenca. MASKANA, 6(1), 39–52. https://doi.org/10.18537/mskn.06.01.04

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