Self-Assembly Control of Y-Series Non-fullerene Acceptors for Sustainable and Scalable Organic Photovoltaics

Abstract

The self-assembly behavior of Y-series non-fullerene acceptors and film formation dynamics are elucidated via in situ characterization, providing critical insights for sustainable and scalable organic solar cells (OSCs). A 3,5-dichloropyridine-assisted self-assembly strategy enables 20.47% efficiency for small-area OSCs and 15.79% for sustainable organic photovoltaic modules (19.3 cm2). This versatile self-assembly control approach is broadly applicable to various material systems, paving the way toward the commercialization of OSC.