Flowering in darkness in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abstract

A modified method for studying the initiation of flowering in darkness (dark flowering, DF) in Arabldopsis thaliana has been developed, and the DF process has been examined with the aid of late-flowering mutants. A majority of plants developed floral buds by the use of liquid-shaken cultures in darkness. The late-flowering phenotype in gi and co mutants and early-flowering phenotype in a hy2 mutant disappeared in DF. It was found that wild-type plants grown under DF conditions express light-regulated genes and develop appropriate leaf architecture, as do the light-grown plants, without the apparent differentiation of chloroplasts. The shift experiments from darkness to light revealed the critical duration of growth in darkness for the initiation of DF. These results indicate that the DF process to the initiation of flowering is a mode of development distinct from that in light in Arabidopsis.