An integrated SIW-CDRA array for high-speed 5G and V2X millimeter-wave applications

Abstract

The rapid expansion of 5G networks has intensified the demand for high-gain, wideband, and compact antennas to support high data rates and connectivity at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies. This paper proposes a novel Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (SIW-CDRA) optimized for 5G and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication. The design achieves a simulated peak gain of 12.4 dB and an 11.5% fractional bandwidth (26.9–30.12 GHz), ensuring reliable performance in dynamic vehicular environments. A single-element configuration offers a 9 dB gain with an 11% bandwidth (26.8–29.9 GHz), while a 1 × 2 array further enhances gain and bandwidth. Measured results show close agreement with simulations, with a measured bandwidth of approximately 12.86% (26.2–29.8 GHz) and a resonance at 28 GHz. The compact and scalable design makes the SIW-CDRA highly suitable for V2X applications, including vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. By overcoming the limitations of conventional DRAs at mmWave frequencies, the proposed antenna provides a high-performance, compact solution for next-generation wireless communication. Future work will explore multi-band operation and adaptive beamforming to further enhance system versatility.