Synergistic Ferroptosis–Immunotherapy Nanoplatforms: Multidimensional Engineering for Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling and Therapeutic Optimization

Abstract

First systematic integration: This work presents the first comprehensive outline of the synergistic potential of nanoparticle-enabled ferroptosis–immunotherapy strategies against malignancies, moving beyond studies solely focusing on ferroptosis induction or standalone nanotherapeutics in cancer. Multidimensional nanoplatform design: Establishes advanced design principles for functionalized nanoplatforms, including rational material selection, structural configuration, physicochemical modulation, multifunctional integration, and AI-enabled design, to overcome tumor microenvironment barriers and optimize ferroptosis–immunotherapy efficacy. Translational focus & AI integration: Provides a critical analysis of translational hurdles for ferroptosis–immunotherapy nanoplatforms across preclinical and clinical development, proposing actionable solutions while pioneering the integration of artificial intelligence into future nanoplatform design and onco-immunotherapy direction.