Effects of different kinds of exercise in the gait parameters of elderly women

Abstract

Exercise type, intensity and frequency are important factors to produce changes in gait velocity. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different exercise types in the gait kinematic parameters in elderly women, whereas anthropometry, functional capacity and physical activity level are considered. Fifty-six elderly women were grouped according to their specific physical activity (practice for more than 6 months): dancing (n = 10), strength training (n = 10), aquatic exercise training (n = 12) and walking (n = 11). In addition, an inactive female older group (n = 13), without engagement in regular physical activity for at least 02 months, participated in the study. The physical activity level (Baecke Questionnaire), functional capacity (AAHPERD battery) and the gait kinematic parameters (gait cycle and step length, gait cycle duration and velocity, cadence and single support phases, swing and double support duration) were measured. The results showed that the physical activity level in the control group was different from the one in the other groups (physically active). In relation to functional capacity, only the strength component was different between groups, indicating that the control group differs from the strength training group. Regarding the gait parameters, the control group was statistically different from the group dancing regarding gait cycle and step length. The results of this study indicate that the functional capacity and gait parameters of active and sedentary elderly females present few differences.