Correlations between 10-year risk of death from cardiovascular diseases

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are more common in the elderly population and have similar risk factors. THE GOAL: was an evaluation of the correlation between 10-year risk of death from CVD and 10-year bone fracture risk (FRAX). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 79 patients of the Regional Centre of Menopause and Osteoporosis of the Military Teaching Hospital in Lodz (Poland), aged 50–83 years, consulted for osteoporosis were divided into two groups: study group — with osteoporosis (O; T-score ≤ –2.5 SD) and control — without osteoporosis (T-sc > –2.5). Bone mineral density was evaluated by densitometric scanning of spine (L2-L4 T-score) and/or femoral neck (Neck T-score) and/or total hip (Total Hip T-score). Total cholesterol (TC), fasting glucose, arterial blood pressure, medical history, and family history were obtained. The risk of fatal-CVD was assessed by Euro Heart Score (EHS), and major osteoporotic (MOFR) and hip fracture risk (HFR) by the FRAX scale. RESULTS: 80% of the patients (32/40) with osteoporosis and 51% (20/39) of the patients without osteoporosis revealed a HeartScore ≥ 5%. There was correlation in the group of all patients between EHS and Neck T-score (p < 0.05; Spearman rank correlation coefficient (Rs) = –0.3806), L2-L4 T-score (p < 0.05; Rs = –0.2891), and Total Hip T-score (p < 0.005; Rs = –0.3561), and in the control group — between EHS and Neck T-score (p < 0.05; Rs = –0.3502). There was a 2.33% difference between the average EHS level to the disadvantage of patients with osteoporosis (p < 0.05). EHS positively correlated with MOFR (p < 0.001) and HFR (p < 0.001) in the whole study popula­tion and with MOFR (p < 0.05) and HFR (p < 0.01) in the group of osteoporotic patients. There were differences between groups in TC (p < 0.001) and BMI (p < 0.001) levels. CONCLUSIONS: The 10-year risk of fatal-CVD correlated with osteoporosis and with the 10-year osteoporotic fracture risk. This conclusion may help identify patients who require extended cardiotherapy protocols.