Microcrystalline cellulose promotes superior direct compressed Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. extract tablet properties to spray-dried rice starch and spray-dried lactose

Abstract

This work aimed to select tablet diluent of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. extract tablet. Three tablet diluents, including microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), spray-dried rice starch, and spray-dried lactose were used. MCC exhibited superior performance to the other diluents by providing the hardest tablet, the lowest friability, and the shortest disintegration time. The Box-Behnken design was used to evaluate the effect of hydrophobic excipients when MCC was used as diluent. The optimal formulation was composed of fumed silica 1%, magnesium stearate 1%, and talcum 2%. The tablets had suitable hardness, low friability, and short disintegration time. The marker pinocembrin could be dissolved by 82% within 4 h. Although the marker decreased after three months of stability testing, the antioxidant activity of the formulation remained. In conclusion, MCC was shown to be superior to the other diluents, and the optimal formulation could be used to prepare Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. extract tablet as a food supplement.