Exploring Experiences of People With Knee Osteoarthritis Who Participated in an Online Unsupervised Tai Chi Program: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Objective: It is unclear how people with osteoarthritis feel about online Tai Chi. This study aimed to explore the experiences of people with knee osteoarthritis who participated in an online unsupervised Tai Chi program. Methods: A qualitative study nested within a randomized controlled trial was conducted. Semistructured phone interviews were held with 20 participants with knee osteoarthritis who took part in a 12-week online unsupervised Tai Chi program. Interviews explored participant experiences and were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically using an inductive approach. Results: Four themes (each with two subthemes) were developed: (1) online unsupervised Tai Chi offers flexibility (the ability to pause, rewind, and repeat facilitates learning; able to practice anytime, anywhere); (2) variable user experience (most found it enjoyable and calming; some found it repetitive and boring); (3) learning challenges and strategies (the lack of feedback can be challenging; practice makes better); and (4) online unsupervised Tai Chi is effective for most but not all (improved outcomes and motivated to be more active; no perceived changes in outcomes). Conclusion: Most people with knee osteoarthritis reported positive experiences with a 12-week online unsupervised Tai Chi program. The identified challenges and relevant improvements have the potential to inform modifications and refine the program before its planned public release, with the aim to enhance Tai Chi exercise accessibility and uptake among people with osteoarthritis in the broader community.