Adolescencia como factor de riesgo para complicaciones maternas y neonatales

Abstract

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is that which happens before the 19th birthday. Many authors report adolescence as a risk factor for maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, and others conclude that the risk is associated to socioeconomic conditions rather than adolescence itself. Objective: To determine if adolescence is a risk factor contributing to maternal and neonatal complications. Methods: A case/control study in a high complexity hospital, with a total of 560 patients randomly selected during the 8 moths period from November 2016 to July 2017 in a ratio of 3 cases to 1 control. The sociodemographic characteristics were collected through survey (semi-structured questionnaire) and reviews of clinical history. Then, based on the significant variables, we generate a bivariate analysis and finally a multivariate analysis with logistic regression to adjust for possible confounding factors. Results: This study demonstrated that adolescence is a risk factor for: hypertensive disorders (odds ratio [OR]= 2.06; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: CI: 1.31-3.25); preeclampsia with findings of severity (OR= 1.63;95% CI: 1.01-2.66); Chorioamnionitis (OR=2.28; 95% CI: 1.26-4.13); maternal admission to ICU (OR=3.51;95% CI: 1.08-11.37); and prematurity (OR= 1.74; 95% CI: 1.02-2.99).