Speech temporal organization in three basal ganglia-related neurological conditions

Abstract

Basal ganglia participate in neural networks that control voluntary body movements, including speech. Diseases that affect the function of these structures can generate abnormal hypokinetic or hyperkinetic movements, influencing speech motor control. How does prosodic temporal organization vary in dysarthria due to Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and Sydenham’s chorea (SC)? Three clinical groups (PD with and without medication, HD, and SC) of 15 participants and a control group (n = 18) read a text aloud. Speech fluency measures were related to syntactic boundaries within the text. There was no correlation between global motor scales and temporal parameters of speech. There were correlations between syntactic limits and the duration of pauses in all groups. Only the HD results differed from the other clinical and control groups. Clinical groups are slower to produce speech but preserve the syntactic function of prosody at different levels. Basal nuclei dysfunction appears to affect all clinical groups, regardless of etiology.