Prognostic factors for sarcomatoid carcinomas of lung: A single-centre experience

Abstract

Background: Although lung sarcomatoid carcinomas (LSCa) arised from the epithelial tissue, they have very distinctive features than other non-small cell lung carcinomas in terms of histopathology and survival. It constitutes 0.1%-0.4% of all lung cancers. The aim of our study is to evaluate the survival analysis of LSCa in a single thoracic surgery clinic and to determine the prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective cohort study. After the approval of the local ethics committee, a total of 34 patients who were operated in our department between January 2010 and December 2018, whose pathologies were reported as sarcomatoid carcinoma was included in the study. The patients were analyzed by age, gender, presence of necrosis in the histopathological examination, tumor stage, tumor diameter, and tumor location. Results: There were 28 males and 6 females. The median age was 60 years (range: 36-80 years). The median survival was 42 months (32.6-52.2 months), and the 5-year overall survival was 33.6%. Significantly negative prognostic factors were tumor diameter and tumor stage (P = 0.003 and 0.001, respectively). Median disease-free interval (DFI) was 38 months (27.3-49.1 months), and 5-year DFI was 32.6%. Conclusion: LSCa are highly heterogeneous epithelial malignancies, and it has worse survival than other epithelial cancers. Relatively, satisfactory results can be obtained in these tumors with surgical treatment.