A protocol for energy efficient, location aware, uniform and grid based hierarchical organization of wireless sensor networks

Abstract

Most of the contemporary clustering protocols require frequent re-clustering in order to rotate the role of cluster heads, CHs, among sensors to avoid the "hot spot" problem. Also, most of the existing, next CH selection strategies are either randomized or complex and the clustering protocols create non uniform clusters. Finally, the clusters are location unaware or even if some kind of location awareness is there, it's either cost ineffective, highly complex or inaccurate. In this paper we present, design and implementation of a protocol for Energy efficient, Location Aware, Uniform and Grid based Hierarchical organization (E-LAUGH) of Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs. It provides uniform cluster size enabling an even load distribution in the network and thus provides energy efficiency. The protocol also saves dynamic clustering overheads by allowing a One-Time setup of clusters. The CH selection is in a round robin manner from a list generated by Base Station, BS. This is simpler and better than the randomized or probabilistic approach used by many others [6, 8, 10& 14]. E-LAUGH also provides location awareness to WSN by logically dividing the network into grids of desired granularity. © 2009 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.