Adherence to Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and Its Related Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending Al-Ahsa Primary Health Care Centers in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is a crucial component of diabetes management, but adherence remains suboptimal. This study aimed to evaluate adherence to SMBG among type 2 diabetic patients in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 398 type 2 diabetic patients attending primary healthcare centers. Data were collected through face-to-face or virtual interviews and electronic health records. Adherence levels were categorized as low, moderate, and high. Results: The majority of participants exhibited moderate adherence to SMBG (58.5%), while 27.1% had low adherence, and 14.3% were highly adherent. The use of oral hypoglycemic medications and insulin injections was associated with higher adherence (p0.001). Comorbidities, physical exercise, diet, frequency of medical visits, and attendance at diabetes education sessions did not significantly influence adherence. Conclusions: Suboptimal adherence to SMBG was observed among type 2 diabetic patients in Al-Ahsa. Targeted interventions addressing individual barriers and integrating technology may improve SMBG adherence and diabetes management.