Nanoemulsion concept to improve bioinsecticide using citronella grass distillation waste and Spiked pepper

Abstract

Nanoemulsion of S. pepper could control cabbage pests but optimization is needed for the composition because of low toxicity. The purpose of this research was to optimized composition of S. pepper nanoemulsion using citronella waste that increases stability and reduces the size of particle. The insecticidal activity was tested using the leaves residual method. The experimental design used a completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consisted of five concentration 0.10%, 0.16%, 0.27%, 0.45%, and 0.74% with five replications. The quality of nanoparticles was tested with PSA Zetasizer Nano ZS Malvern tools. The results show formula is classified as a nanoemulsion because it has a size of 104.2 nm. The particle size of this formula is smaller than in previous research using only one S. pepper extract. LC50 this formula is 0.41 and LC95 1,88. Based on the toxicity test formula can control 81,33% C. pavonana in the highest concentration but previous research only can be controlled 40.00 %.