Genetic correlations and path-coefficient analysis of yield and quality components in wheat, Triticum aestivum L.

Abstract

The genetic and phenotypic correlations between yield components (productive tillering, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, grain weight per plant, harvest index, thousand grain weight) and quality components (grain protein content and sedimentation value) were investigated. The plant material was comprised of 50 genotypes of winter wheat grown during two years. Path- coefficient analysis of genetic correlation coefficients for grain mass/plant and other traits determined interrelationships among grain mass per plant and other yield and bread making quality components. The strongest positive genetic correlation was found between grain weight per spike and thousand grain weight and between spike length and number of spikelets per spike. Phenotypic correlation analysis indicated that grain weight per spike correlated positively and significantly with harvest index and thousand kernel weight. The strongest direct effect on grain weight per plant had harvest index and number of spikelets per spike. The spike length through number of spikelets per spike had the strongest indirect effect on grain weight per plant.U radu su proucavane korelacije izmedju komponenti prinosa (produktivno bokorenje, visina biljke, duzina klasa, broj klasica po klasu, broj zrna po klasu, masa zrna po klasu, masa zrna po biljci, zetveni indeks i masa 1000 zrna) i komponenti kvaliteta (sadrzaj proteina u zrnu i sedimentacija). Izracunate su geneticke i fenotipske korelacije i path- analiza genetickih koeficijenata korelacije za masu zrna po biljci. Najjaca korelaciona zavisnost utvrdjena je izmedju broja zrna po klasu i mase zrna po klasu, a zatim izmedju visine biljke i duzine klasa. Ustanovljena je jaka pozitivna geneticka korelacija izmedju mase zrna po klasu i mase 1000 zrna, kao i izmedju duzine klasa i broja klasica po klasu, dok je najjaca fenotipska korelacija utvrdjena izmedju mase zrna po klasu i zetvenog indeksa, a zatim izmedju mase zrna po klasu i mase 1000 zrna. Najjaci direktni uticaj na masu zrna po biljci imali su zetveni indeks i broj klasica po klasu. Od pozitivnih indirektnih uticaja na masu zrna po biljci najjaci je bio uticaj duzine klasa preko broja klasica po klasu.