Livelihoods sustainability pattern in Sangrawayang Village, Simpenan District, Sukabumi Regency

Abstract

Season changes influenced the fishers' job. Their economic life is not stable. Therefore, fishers in Indonesia, especially in Java Island, also cultivate the land. Whenever their area has good access, they have more than two types of job. Sanggrawayang village in Sukabumi District is a fishing village whose fishers earn its income from farming as well. Since 2016, dwellers also have begun working in the service sector, namely services related to tourism activities. This study tries to find out the fishing activities sustainability by using Sustainability Livelihood Approach. By conducting semi-structured interviews with 20 fishers, we can classify the fishermen into three groups, namely fisher laborers, individual fishers, and fishers that own business. Most of the residents are labor fishermen. The result showed that with limited financial and working capital, laborers had more types of work. Their strategy to maintain fishers' activities is by developing themselves in the services field, both related to fishermen and agricultural activities, as well as in the tourism sector. While fishery business owner who have high financial capital, significant working capital, and extensive networks, are more focused on working in the fishermen sector. Expansion of work in fishermen is carried out by business owner by renting boats and expanding fishing activities by acting as a middle person and distributors as well. The government program is needed to maintain the fishermen smallholder livelihood. This program is designed to be in line with the culture of fishers in Sukabumi.