Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Methods for Credit Card Fraud Detection Using SMOTE and AdaBoost

Abstract

The advance in technologies such as e-commerce and financial technology (FinTech) applications have sparked an increase in the number of online card transactions that occur on a daily basis. As a result, there has been a spike in credit card fraud that affects card issuing companies, merchants, and banks. It is therefore essential to develop mechanisms that ensure the security and integrity of credit card transactions. In this research, we implement a machine learning (ML) based framework for credit card fraud detection using a real world imbalanced datasets that were generated from European credit cardholders. To solve the issue of class imbalance, we re-sampled the dataset using the Synthetic Minority over-sampling TEchnique (SMOTE). This framework was evaluated using the following ML methods: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Decision Tree (DT), and Extra Tree (ET). These ML algorithms were coupled with the Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) technique to increase their quality of classification. The models were evaluated using the accuracy, the recall, the precision, the Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), and the Area Under the Curve (AUC). Moreover, the proposed framework was implemented on a highly skewed synthetic credit card fraud dataset to further validate the results that were obtained in this research. The experimental outcomes demonstrated that using the AdaBoost has a positive impact on the performance of the proposed methods. Further, the results obtained by the boosted models were superior to existing methods.