A Theory of Upwelling Over the Shelf Break

Abstract

The three-dimensional circulation produced in a homogeneous ocean by a steady wind stress is investigated when the bottom topography contains a discontinuity in gradient, such as occurs at the edge of the continental shelf. A shear layer is formed above the edge of the shelf in which upwelling is significant. The vertical transport in the shear layer can be sufficient to produce a surface convergence zone in the vicinity of the shelf.