SEM and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Evaluation Of Smear Layer Removal Using Standard And Innovative Irrigation Protocols: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Abstract

Aim: Compare efficacy of Dual Rinse HEDP with sodium hypochlorite to sodium hypochlorite in combination with a finishing rinse with 17% EDTA solution to remove the smear layer. Materials and methods: Sixteen human maxillary single-rooted, single canalled sound premolars were used. Specimens were distributed into 2 groups and labeled according to irrigation protocol used. Each group consisted of 8 specimens: Group 1 50% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA. Group 2 The Dual Rinse® HEDP mixed with 50% NaOCl. Roots were prepared for SEM appraisal. The smear layer was assessed and scored. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis was used to analyze the inorganic chemical structure of the treated dentin of the two tested groups. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed.Kruskal-Wallis test tailed by Mann-Whitney test compared mean scores between irrigant solutions and root regions groups. Chi-square test compared the frequency distribution of scores between different groups.