Understanding the effects of gamification on work engagement: The role of basic need satisfaction and enjoyment among millennials

Abstract

Millennial perspectives on work engagement can aid companies in fostering a more dynamic and successful workforce by recognizing that engaged employees tend to be more productive and satisfied. However, recent polls and studies have raised concerns about the lower levels of work engagement reported among millennials compared to previous generations. To address this, we conducted a study to investigate the potential of gamification to enhance workplace engagement among millennials and delve into the intricate dynamics of this relationship by examining the mediating roles of basic need satisfaction and enjoyment. Utilizing a cross-sectional approach with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), we found both direct and indirect positive effects of gamification on work engagement. Specifically, gamification positively influenced work engagement, mediated by basic need satisfaction and enjoyment. Remarkably, generational differences were minimal, as revealed in a multigroup analysis. While our findings demonstrate gamification’s potential to boost millennial work engagement, we acknowledge limitations such as data heterogeneity and small sample size; thus, further research in diverse contexts is needed. In summary, our study highlights gamification as a promising strategy to boost work engagement among millennials. It underscores the importance of addressing psychological needs in gamification design and calls for continued investigation to refine our understanding of these dynamics.