Salivary Calprotectin Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Post-Menopausal Women with and Without Chronic Periodontitis-An Evaluative Study

Abstract

Introduction: Menopause is a normal developmental stage in a woman's life marking the permanent cessation of menstruation. Periodontitis and osteoporosis are noteworthy health concerns in post-menopausal women. Calprotectin is an inflammatory biomarker for precise diagnosis of periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: This study was performed to evaluate the variations in salivary calprotectin levels and bone mineral density in post-menopausal women with and without chronic periodontitis. The study included 24 post-menopausal women aged 45-57 years and was divided into group 1 (12 post-menopausal women without chronic periodontitis) and group 2 (12 post-menopausal women with chronic periodontitis). Unstimulated salivary samples, panoramic radiographs and clinical examination were performed. Results: The collected samples were combined with CALPRO antibody with horseradish peroxide (HRP) that results in the formation of antigen-Antibody complex. Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) solution was added that turned blue. Colour change was measured at 450nm. A human ELISA kit was used. Data collected were sent for statistical analysis. Discussion: There was a statistically significant difference in salivary calprotectin levels between groups 1 and 2 (P = 0.016) and no statistical difference in mean bone mineral density levels between the two groups (P = 0.235). A positive correlation was seen between salivary calprotectin levels and bone mineral density in group 2 (P = 0.013).