Dietary Diversity and Anemia of Pregnant Women in Sumenep District Madura

Abstract

Pregnant women in Indonesia whose anemic reach 48,9%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between dietary diversity and anemia in pregnant women in Sumenep District, Madura. This study was a cross-sectional design. The population of this study was 411 pregnant women in four selected health centers in Sumenep District. Subjects were all stage of pregnancy (trimester I, II, III) which numbered 200 pregnant women who were selected by proportional random sampling. Data were collected through interviews using a question-naire and direct measurement. The data used consisted of socio-economic status, history of pregnancy, MUAC, hemoglobin concentration, and Minimum Dietary Diversity-Women (MDD-W) score. Data analysis used the spearman test to determine the correlation between MDD-W score and hemoglobin concentration in pregnant women. The result showed that 51,5% of pregnant women were anemic. The MDD-W score for anemia and non-anemia groups was low (4,8±1,2 vs 4,8±1,6). Spearman test showed that the MDD-W score was not associated with hemoglobin concentration (p>0,05). Factors of significantly associated with haemoglobin concentration were including gestational age (r=-0,148; p=0,036), BMI pre-pregnancy (r=0,145; p=0,041), and mid-upper arm circumference (r=0,231; p=0,001). Factors related to anemia in pregnant women were the gestational age, nutritional status in pre-pregnancy, and MUAC, while dietary diversity was not related to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.