Parasites of Anisakidae Family—Geographical Distribution and Threat to Human Health

Abstract

Nematodes of the Anisakidae family are important parasites that can cause anisakiasis-human parasitic infection of gastrointestinal tract. Allergic symptoms can arise as secondary immune response after infection by living parasite. In the life cycle of these parasites, intermediate, definitive and paratenic hosts (fish) might occur. In most cases, human anisakiasis is caused by consumption of fish which are infected with the larvae of the Anisakidae family. The purpose of the article was to assess the definitive host, the geographical spread of the parasites and the risk associated with consumption of raw fish and fishery products. Furthermore, this article describes symptoms and treatment of anisakiasis and kinds of preventive measures that can be taken to prevent anisakiasis.