IMPACT survey: IMpaired fecundity in Physicians and Association with Clinical Time

Abstract

Objective: Studies suggest female physicians experience higher rates of infertility than the general population. The overall objective of this study was to determine the rate of impaired fecundity in a sample of female emergency physicians and compare it to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) data. Impaired fecundity is defined as physical difficulty in getting pregnant or carrying a pregnancy to live birth. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey of female emergency physicians to determine the rate of impaired fecundity. Survey questions were adapted from the NSFG to allow comparison to the general population. Statistical comparisons were made using contingency tables (with chi-square and tau-c assessments), 1-sample t tests, and independent samples t tests, as appropriate. Results: A total of 2072 women completed the survey with a mean (SD) current age of 38.9 (7.2) years. Data were analyzed for women of childbearing years (15–44 years old as defined by the CDC; n = 1705 [82% total responses]). The rate of impaired fecundity in emergency physicians was 24.9% as compared to the NSFG cohort (12.1%; P < 0.001). Female emergency physicians with impaired fecundity reported working 9.8 overall more clinical hours (95% CI 2.5–17) and 4.5 more night hours (95% CI 0.8–8.2) than those with normal fecundity. Conclusion: Female emergency physicians have increased rates of impaired fecundity when compared with a general population cohort. Clinical workload and night shifts are greater in female emergency physicians with impaired fecundity. Research is needed to elucidate work-related impaired fecundity risk factors.