India

Abstract

Despite having a number of extremely large cities and rapid rates of urbanization, India is a predominantly rural country: its hundred most populated cities account for only 16 % of the total population (IIHS 2012). The driving forces of India’s urbanization are diverse and include natural population growth, rural-urban migration, and changes in municipal boundaries and area reclassification (Gogoi 2013; Gupta 2014). Recent estimates indicate that most Indian cities will double their population and built-up area by 2030, and quadruple their mobility demand (CSTEP and IUT 2014; McKinsey Global Institute 2010; Swamy 2012).